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Sub-Saharan African nations account for around one-third of the overall, followed by Latin America and the Middle East (the latter two together representing over 40% of the overall). Consisting of, there has actually been an (from 90.3 in 2000-04 to 92.6 and 92.3 in the 5 years pre- and post-pandemic ).

and ranked greater than others; UAE is up more than 45 places in 2024 compared to 2000 while Qatar climbed 24; both Saudi Arabia and Oman rose 17 ranks throughout the duration. The caught or worse off countries are some parts of Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa where structural transformation has stalled.
reveals a significant increase in average EDI scores from 86.8 in 2000-04 to 92.6 in 2020-24, (up more than 10 points in the preliminary period versus 2020-24). with UAE outperforming in the trade sub-index (supported by current bilateral trade agreements & non-oil exports push). vs its pre-pandemic reading (partially provided the surge in medium & state-of-the-art production data).

Its diversification metrics have stagnated, showing the least improvement between the initial (2000-04) and last (2020-24) reference periods., regardless of the headwinds of OPEC+ production cuts. A robust non-hydrocarbon growth was supported by the GCC's robust domestic need (supported by a strong job pipeline and implementation) and strong services sector performance.
Kuwait and Saudi Arabia clocked in a boost in non-hydrocarbon earnings, "mainly reflecting non-hydrocarbon tax base growths and income collection efficiency improvements", according to the IMF. In the present geopolitical environment defined by intensifying, it is in the very best interests of commodity reliant countries to diversify its export base, exports and trade partners.
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