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Sub-Saharan African nations represent around one-third of the total, followed by Latin America and the Middle East (the latter two together accounting for over 40% of the overall). Consisting of, there has been an (from 90.3 in 2000-04 to 92.6 and 92.3 in the five years pre- and post-pandemic ).

and ranked greater than others; UAE is up more than 45 places in 2024 compared to 2000 while Qatar climbed up 24; both Saudi Arabia and Oman rose 17 ranks throughout the period. The trapped or worse off nations are some parts of Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa where structural improvement has stalled.
Reshaping Middle East Industrial Expansion for Growthreveals a considerable increase in typical EDI ratings from 86.8 in 2000-04 to 92.6 in 2020-24, (up more than 10 points in the preliminary period versus 2020-24). with UAE outshining in the trade sub-index (supported by current bilateral trade arrangements & non-oil exports push). vs its pre-pandemic reading (partially provided the surge in medium & high-tech manufacturing information).

Its diversity metrics have stagnated, showing the least enhancement between the preliminary (2000-04) and last (2020-24) recommendation periods., despite the headwinds of OPEC+ production cuts. A robust non-hydrocarbon growth was supported by the GCC's robust domestic demand (supported by a strong project pipeline and application) and strong services sector efficiency.
Kuwait and Saudi Arabia clocked in an increase in non-hydrocarbon revenue, "primarily showing non-hydrocarbon tax base expansions and earnings collection performance enhancements", according to the IMF. In the present geopolitical environment defined by intensifying, it remains in the best interests of commodity dependent nations to diversify its export base, exports and trade partners.
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